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Permeation defined - permeation is a process by which a chemical can pass through a protective barrier (e.g. glove) without going through visible openings, such as pores. Thus molecules of the chemical enter the barrier and "wriggle" through by passing between the molecules of the glove compound. In many cases the permeated material may appear unchanged to the human eye.
Permeation performance levels are assessed by measuring the time for a chemical to breakthrough the glove material. Samples, cut from the palms of the gloves are placed in a permeation cell which enables the chemical to be placed in contact with the outer surfaces of the gloves. Our CMIG laboratories are equipped with different measuring instruments to detect any chemical (e.g. solvents, acids, alkalis and salts) that has broken through to the inside surface of the glove sample.
The breakthrough time tests are carried out for up to eight hours, according to EN374.
Permeation performance level and breakthrough time (BTT)
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Emperor REINF |
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| acides |
Level |
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| acetic acid, 50% |
3 |
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| battery acid |
4 |
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| boric acid, conc. |
6 |
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| chlorhydric acid, 32% |
6 |
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| chromic acid, 10% |
6 |
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| chromosulfuric acid, 10% |
6 |
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| citronic acid, conc. |
6 |
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| formic acid, 10% |
6 |
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| formic acid, 90% |
6 |
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| fumaric acid, conc. |
6 |
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| hydrofluoric acid, 10% |
6 |
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| hydrofluoric acid, 48% |
6 |
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| hydrofluoric acid, 73% |
4 |
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| lactic acid, conc. |
6 |
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| maleic acid, conc. |
6 |
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| malonic acid, conc. |
6 |
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| nitric acid, 50% |
6 |
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| orthophosphoric acid, conc. |
6 |
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| oxalic acid, conc. |
6 |
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| perchloric acid, 60% |
6 |
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| sulfuric acid, 10% |
6 |
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| sulfuric acid, 96% (L: EN 374:2003) |
4 |
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| tannic acid, conc. |
6 |
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| alcohols/ethers |
Level |
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| 1,2-propanediol |
4 |
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| 1,4-dioxane |
3 |
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| 1-pentanol |
6 |
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| 1-propanol |
4 |
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| diethyl ether |
1 |
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| diethylene glycol |
6 |
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| diethylene glycol monobutylether |
6 |
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| ethanol |
6 |
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| ethylene glycol |
6 |
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| ethylene glycol monobutylether |
3 |
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| glycerol |
6 |
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| isobutanol |
6 |
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| isopropyl alcohol (2-propanol) |
6 |
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| methanol (A: EN 374:2003) |
4 |
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| n-butanol |
6 |
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| tetrahydrofuran (THF) (H: EN 374:2003) |
1 |
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| aromatic compounds |
Level |
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| acetophenone |
3 |
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| aniline |
3 |
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| benzaldehyde |
3 |
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| chlorobenzene |
1 |
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| diethylphthalate |
6 |
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| dioctylphthalate |
6 |
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| m-dichlorobenzene |
2 |
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| nitrobenzene |
3 |
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| phenol, 85% |
6 |
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| toluene (F: EN 374:2003) |
1 |
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| xylene (isomers) |
1 |
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| bases or lyes, alcaline solutions |
Level |
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| ammonia, 10% |
6 |
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| ammonia, 25% |
6 |
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| calcium hydroxide, conc. |
6 |
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| caustic soda solution, 40% (K: EN 374:2003) |
6 |
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| potash lye, conc. |
6 |
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| sodium hypochlorite (12% active chlorine) |
6 |
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| Chloro Solvents |
Level |
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| 1,1,1-trichloroethane |
2 |
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| chloroform |
1 |
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| ethylene chloride (1,2-dichloroethane) |
1 |
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| tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene) |
2 |
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| tetrachloromethane |
2 |
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| trichloroethylene |
1 |
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| concentrated salt solutions of |
Level |
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| ammonium chloride |
2 |
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| calcium chloride |
2 |
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| copper sulfate |
2 |
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| potassium chloride |
2 |
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| sodium chloride |
2 |
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| esters/ketones/aldehydes |
Level |
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| acetaldehyde |
2 |
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| acetone (B: EN 374:2003) |
3 |
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| butyl acetate |
3 |
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| cyclohexanone |
4 |
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| diethyl ketone (3-pentanone) |
1 |
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| ethyl acetate (I: EN 374:2003) |
2 |
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| formaldehyde, 37% |
6 |
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| methyl acetate |
1 |
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| methyl ethyl ketone (2-butanone) |
2 |
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| methyl isobutyl ketone (4-methylpentanone) |
3 |
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| methyl methyacrylate |
2 |
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| N-methylpyrrolidone |
5 |
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| propionaldehyde |
1 |
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| propyl acetate |
2 |
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| fuels |
Level |
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| diesel fuels |
2 |
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| kerosene (Jet a petroleum straight run) |
2 |
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| petrol/gasoline |
2 |
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| hydrocarbons |
Level |
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| isooctane |
3 |
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| n-heptane (J: EN 374:2003) |
2 |
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| organic nitrogen compounds |
Level |
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| 2-aminoethanol |
6 |
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| acetonitrile (C: EN 374:2003) |
3 |
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| butylamine (1-aminobutane) |
1 |
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| dimethylformamide (DMF) |
4 |
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| ethylamine, 70% |
2 |
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| ethylenediamine |
4 |
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| propylamine (1-aminopropane) |
4 |
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| tert.-butylamine |
2 |
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| organosulfuric compounds |
Level |
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| dimethyl sulfate (DMS) |
2 |
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| dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) |
5 |
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| p-toluenesulfonic acid |
6 |
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| peroxides |
Level |
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| hydrogen peroxide, 30% |
6 |
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